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Battle of vienna 194512/27/2023 They continued to issue a number of Austrian map series with a long publishing history which reached far back into the 19th century. Rather than reinvent the wheel German World War II military planners pragmatically worked within an established Austrian framework when they mapped parts of central and southeastern Europe. The German military incorporated the Austrian Army’s survey office. The new Vienna office of Germany’s civilian Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme absorbed Austria’s well-regarded Kartographisches Institut. German civilian and military mapping agencies moved quickly to incorporate Austrian government institutions active in the fields of surveying and cartography. In Vienna the Nazi regime gained access to important resources and capabilities. This was an important stepping stone in Adolf Hitler’s plans for waging a war of aggression. In March 1938 Nazi Germany annexed Austria. Spezialkarte 1:75 000, sheet # 5456 Pettau shows parts of the Drava river valley, with the borders of Nazi Germany, Hungary, and Croatia, last updated 1943 by a regional survey office of Germany’s civilian mapping agency Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme. After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the end of World War I Austria’s Kartographisches Institut, and Hungarian, Czechoslovak, and German mapping agencies continued to issue updated sheets. Eventually, 752 quadrangles of this legendary map series were produced, starting in 1873. The Militärgeographisches Institut issued a number of iconic map series, including the Spezialkarte der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie im Masse 1:75 000. Globe on the roof of the building which housed the Militärgeographisches Institut until 1918. That work was reflected on Austrian topographic maps covering these areas. Because of the recognized high quality of their work, Austrian triangulation parties were admitted into neighboring countries. The ellipsoid data published by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, a professor of astronomy at the University of Königsberg, in 1841 were then the best and most modern data mapping the figure of the Earth. The quality of the Habsburg mapping operation was greatly aided by its adaption of the Bessel ellipsoid which fits especially well to the geoid curvature of Europe. These sheets did not just survey the territory of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, they also provided solid coverage for neighboring parts of the Ottoman and Tsarist empires.īuilding of the Militärgeographisches Institut, parade grounds, Josefstädter Glacis, Vienna, Austria, 1860. Beginning in the 1840s, the Kaiserliches und Königliches Militärgeographisches Institut of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy published many thousands of quality topographic sheets covering much of Central and Eastern Europe, areas where the Habsburg empire had strategic interests.
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